Osprey Men-at-Arms 150 : The Age of Charlemagne

Most historians agree that the Carolingian Age, from the 8th to 10th centuries AD, represented one of the most important turning points in European history. While this may have been less true of cultural history, it was certainly true of political and social history. The emergence of feudalism is only one example. It was probably even more true in the technological and military history of Europe, with the appearance of new farming and, to some extent, metal-working techniques. The adoption of the stirrup and subsequently of early versions of the high-framed war saddle, plus the pressure of rival and essentially non-western European cultures, combined to give birth to what are popularly regarded as medieval European styles of warfare. It can be said with some certainty that early Carolingian military success was built on good leadership, adequate administration, and troops whose morale was almost consistently superb. It is also clear that the Carolingian army managed to adapt itself to face many and differing foes. David Nicolle explores the organisation and history of the Carolingian Empire during the age of one of history's most romanticised and heroic figures - Charlemagne accompanied by illustrations by Angus McBride.

Contents

• Introduction
• The Carolingian Army
• The Failure of the Carolingian System 850-950 AD
• The Revival of Europe 950-1000 AD
• Arms, Armour and Fortification 950-1000 AD
• The Plates